I.   Certification Programs

     A.   History
          1.   1972 annual ACSM meeting
               a.   CV disease at it's highest (62% of all deaths)
               b.   everyone was fitness testing
               c.   only 16% by cardiologists
               d.   they put together a booklet on certifications
          2.   1976
               a.   the first book came out
                    (1)  dealt with the general and specific
                         learning objectives
                    (2)  it also provided info. for certif's.
               b.   the resource manual came up with the technical
                    info.
               c.   Certification vs. Licensing
                    (1)  licensing means legality
                    (2)  certification means competency
                         (a)  all we have now is certif.
                         (b)  anyone can create a certif pgm.
          3.   1978 - Preventative and Rehab levels discussed
          4.   1980 - The levels came about
          5.   1982 - First Health Fitness Instructor
          6.   1988 - The resource guide came out
               a.   context of behavioral objectives arose

     B.   Rehab Tract
               a.   High risk for diseases
          1.   Exercise Tech Technician
          2.   Exercise Specialist
          3.   Program Director

     C.   Preventative Tract
               a.   has controlled or no diseased population
          1.   Exercise Leader
          2.   Health Fitness Instructor
          3.   Health Fitness Director

     D.   Job Descriptions
          1.   Program Director
               a.   admin, design, and implement safe and
                    effective preventative and rehabilitative
                    exercise programs
               b.   Req's
                    (1)  grad degree
                    (2)  12 mo. in cardiac rehab (or equiv.
                         elsewhere)
                    (3)  ability to educate and communicate with
                         the medical and the general public
                    (4)  written exam - no workshops

          2.   Exercise Specialist
               a.   Competent in GXT, exercise prescription, and
                    exercise leadership
               b.   BA or equiv
               c.   4 months min. in cardiac rehab pgm. (or 600
                    hrs)
               d.   Knowledge of ETT ( Lock stepping)
               e.   ability to supervise safe, effective and
                    enjoyable exercise
               f.   Know:
                    (1)  pathophysiology, ECG's, emergency
                         procedures
               g.   separate written and practical exam's

          3.   Exercise Test Tech.
               a.   administers safe and effective tests under
                    supervision
                    (1)  does not prescribe exercise
               b.   competent in reducing data before, during, and
                    after the testing
               c.   knows how to ID and implement ?

          4.   Health Fitness Director
               a.   supervise, develop, and manage preventative
                    and health maintenance program
               b.   need 
                    (1)  800 hours min. in supervisory position
                    (2)  grad degree

          5.   Health Fitness Instructor
               a.   Lead Exercise and health enhancement programs
               b.   need BA or 600 hrs exp.
               c.   covers
                    (1)  health appraisal
                    (2)  risk factor ID
                    (3)  sub-max exercise testing
                    (4)  nutrition
                    (5)  anatomy
               d.   need to understand
                    (1)  motivation
                    (2)  counseling
                    (3)  behavior mod.

          6.   Exercise Leader
               a.   Lead safe and effective exercise programs with
                    musical accompaniment
               b.   Requires
                    (1)  a previous certification by another
                         aerobics institution
                    (2)  a minimum of 250 hours of teaching
                         experience within the last 2 years
               c.   need to know
                    (1)  exercise physiology, anatomy, motivation,
                         health appraisal, injury prevention
               d.   both a written and a practical
     
     E.   Future Directions
          1.   Fourth edition of guidelines will come out
          2.   Continuing education units
               a.   need to keep attending classes to keep the
                    cert
               b.   every 4 years it will get reviewed
                    (1)  will be given inactive status for 4 years
                         if not done
                    (2)  will then need to retake the whole thing
                         again after the inactive time
               c.   req's
                    (1)  document the cont. ed units
                              i)   need 120 units for Director
                              ii)  need 80     "     " Specialist
                              iii) need 80 units for Instructor
                              iv)  need 40 units for ETT
                              v)    "    "  "     "  Aerobics
                                   Inst.
                         (a)  can be earned two ways
                              i)   certain activities
                                   a)   attendance at meetings
                                   b)   self-tests in journals
                              ii)  earning a passing grade in an
                                   appropriate course at an
                                   accredited college
                    (2)  maintain current CPR
                    (3)  COSTS $$
                         (a)  80 for pgm / HF director
                         (b)  60     HF inst.
                         (c)  40 for ETT / Aerob. inst
                    *    will get a gold star cert and a registry
                         of all those certified to verify
          3.   Increase the amount of certified people
          4.   University Curriculum Certification
          5.   International Level Certif.
               a.   currently is in Japan and Canada